1991

Oh-My-God particle

The Oh-My-God particle (as physicists dubbed it) was an ultra-high-energy cosmic ray detected on 15 October 1991 by the Fly's Eye camera in Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, United States. As of 2026, it is the highest-energy cosmic ray ever observed. Its energy was estimated as (3.2±0.9)×1020 eV (320 exaelectronvolt). The particle's energy was unexpected and called into question prevailing theories about the origin and propagation of cosmic rays.

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Oh-My-God particle

1991

Baltic states

The Baltic states or the Baltic countries is a geopolitical term encompassing Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. All three countries are members of NATO, the European Union, the Eurozone, the Baltic Assembly, and the OECD. The three sovereign states on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea are sometimes referred to as the "Baltic nations", less often and in historical circumstances also as the "Baltic republics", the "Baltic lands", or simply the Baltics.

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Baltic states

1994

Presidency of Bill Clinton

Bill Clinton's tenure as the 42nd president of the United States began with his first inauguration on January 20, 1993, and ended on January 20, 2001. Clinton, a Democrat from Arkansas, took office after defeating the Republican incumbent president George H. W. Bush and independent businessman Ross Perot in the 1992 presidential election. Four years later, he won re-election in the 1996 presidential election, after defeating the Republican nominee Bob Dole, and also Perot again. Alongside Clinton's presidency, the Democratic Party also held their majorities in the House of Representatives and the Senate during the 103rd U.S. Congress following the 1992 elections, thereby attained an overall federal government trifecta. Clinton was constitutionally limited to two terms and was succeeded by Republican George W. Bush, who won the 2000 presidential election against Clinton's preferred successor, vice president Al Gore.

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Presidency of Bill Clinton

1996

Birth of Charly Musonda (footballer, born 1996)

Charly Musonda, Belgian footballer

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Charly Musonda (footballer, born 1996)

1996

Birth of Grace Van Dien

Grace Van Dien, American actress

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Grace Van Dien

1996

Birth of Zelo

Zelo, South Korean rapper and dancer

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Zelo

1997

Cassini–Huygens

Cassini–Huygens, commonly called Cassini, was a joint space-research mission by NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Italian Space Agency (ASI) to send a space probe to study the planet Saturn and its system, including its rings and natural satellites. The Flagship-class robotic spacecraft comprised both NASA's Cassini space probe and ESA's Huygens lander, which landed on Saturn's largest moon, Titan. Cassini was the fourth space probe to visit Saturn and the first to enter its orbit, where it stayed from 2004 to 2017. The two craft took their names from the astronomers Giovanni Cassini and Christiaan Huygens.

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Cassini–Huygens

1998

Birth of 2023 Banda Aceh anti-Rohingya protest

Teuku Wariza Aris Munandar, Indonesian activist and politician

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2023 Banda Aceh anti-Rohingya protest

1999

Birth of Bailee Madison

Bailee Madison is an American actress.

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Bailee Madison

1999

Birth of Ben Woodburn

Benjamin Luke Woodburn is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for EFL League Two club Salford City. A versatile player, Woodburn can be deployed as a central midfielder, attacking midfielder, left winger or forward.

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Ben Woodburn

2000

Birth of Melki Sedek Huang

Melki Sedek Huang is an Indonesian activist and politician who was the chairman of the student executive council at University of Indonesia (UI) from 21 January 2023 until his dismissal on 18 December on the same year due to sexual assault. In 2024, Huang joined the Indonesian Democractic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) and currently serving as it Deputy Chairman in West Kalimantan.

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Melki Sedek Huang

2001

Galileo (spacecraft)

Galileo was an American robotic space probe that studied the planet Jupiter and its moons, as well as the asteroids Gaspra and Ida. Named after the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei, it consisted of an orbiter and an entry probe. It was delivered into Earth orbit on October 18, 1989, by Space Shuttle Atlantis, during STS-34. Galileo arrived at Jupiter on December 7, 1995, after gravitational assist flybys of Venus and Earth, and became the first spacecraft to orbit an outer planet.

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Galileo (spacecraft)

2003

Shenzhou 5

Shenzhou 5 was the first human spaceflight mission of the Chinese space program, launched on 15 October 2003. The Shenzhou spacecraft was launched on a Long March 2F launch vehicle. There had been four previous flights of uncrewed Shenzhou missions since 1999. China became the third country in the world to have independent human spaceflight capability after the Soviet Union/Russia and the United States. As of June 2026, this mission marks the last recent time an astronaut was launched alone to conduct an entirely solo orbital mission.

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Shenzhou 5

2005

Birth of Christian, Crown Prince of Denmark

Christian, Crown Prince of Denmark, Count of Monpezat, is the heir apparent to the Danish throne. He is the eldest child of King Frederik X and Queen Mary. He was born during the reign of his paternal grandmother, Queen Margrethe II. He became Crown Prince of Denmark following his grandmother's abdication and his father's subsequent ascension to the Danish throne in January 2024.

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Christian, Crown Prince of Denmark

2006

Seismic magnitude scales

Seismic magnitude scales are used to describe the overall strength or "size" of an earthquake. These are distinguished from seismic intensity scales that categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking (quaking) caused by an earthquake at a given location. Magnitudes are usually determined from measurements of an earthquake's seismic waves as recorded on a seismogram. Magnitude scales vary based on what aspect of the seismic waves are measured and how they are measured. Different magnitude scales are necessary because of differences in earthquakes, the information available, and the purposes for which the magnitudes are used.

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Seismic magnitude scales