1997

Handover of Hong Kong

The handover of Hong Kong from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the People's Republic of China occurred at midnight on 1 July 1997. This event ended 156 years of British rule, dating back to the cession of Hong Kong Island in 1841 during the First Opium War.

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Handover of Hong Kong

1999

Scottish Parliament

The Scottish Parliament is the devolved, unicameral legislature of Scotland. It is located in the Holyrood area of Edinburgh, and is frequently referred to by the metonym Holyrood. It is a democratically elected body and its role is to scrutinise the Scottish Government and legislate on devolved matters that are not reserved to the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Scottish Parliament

2002

International Criminal Court

The International Criminal Court (ICC) is an intergovernmental organisation and international tribunal seated in The Hague, Netherlands. Established in 2002 under the multilateral Rome Statute, the ICC is the first and only permanent international court with jurisdiction to prosecute individuals for the international crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. The ICC is intended to complement, not replace, national judicial systems; it can exercise its jurisdiction only when national courts are unwilling or unable to prosecute criminals. It is distinct from the International Court of Justice, an organ of the United Nations that hears disputes between states.

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International Criminal Court

2002

Tupolev Tu-154

The Tupolev Tu-154 is a three-engined, medium-range, narrow-body airliner designed in the mid-1960s and manufactured by Tupolev. A workhorse of Soviet and (subsequently) Russian airlines for several decades, it carried half of all passengers flown by Aeroflot and its subsidiaries, remaining the standard domestic-route airliner of Russia and former Soviet states until the mid-2000s. It was exported to 17 non-Russian airlines and used as a head-of-state transport by the air forces of several countries.

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Tupolev Tu-154

2003

Article 23

Article 23 is an article of the Hong Kong Basic Law. It states that Hong Kong "shall enact laws on its own to prohibit any act of treason, secession, sedition, subversion against the Central People's Government, or theft of state secrets, to prohibit foreign political organizations or bodies from conducting political activities in the Region, and to prohibit political organizations or bodies of the Region from establishing ties with foreign political organizations or bodies."

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Article 23

2004

Saturn

Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest in the Solar System, after Jupiter. It is a gas giant, with an average radius of about 9 times that of Earth. It has an eighth of the average density of Earth, but is over 95 times more massive. Even though Saturn is almost as big as Jupiter, Saturn has less than a third of its mass. Saturn orbits the Sun at a distance of 9.59 AU (1,434 million km), with an orbital period of 29.45 years.

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Saturn

2006

Qinghai–Tibet railway

The Qinghai–Tibet railway or Qingzang railway, is a high-elevation railway line in China between Xining, Qinghai Province, and Lhasa, Tibet. With over 960 km (600 mi) of track being more than 4,000 m (13,123 ft) above sea level, it is the highest railway line in the world.

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Qinghai–Tibet railway

2007

Smoking bans in the United Kingdom

Sales of cigarettes and smoking in the United Kingdom are being gradually restricted during the first few decades of the 21st century. The Tobacco and Vapes Act, ban sales of cigarettes to people born after 2008 will take effect on 1 January 2027.

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Smoking bans in the United Kingdom

2008

2008 riot in Mongolia

On 1 July 2008, a riot broke out in Ulaanbaatar, the capital city of Mongolia. The riot was sparked by allegations of fraud surrounding the 2008 parliamentary election, which occurred three days earlier. While initially a peaceful protest, the riot resulted in Mongolia's first state of emergency, which lasted four days, and a military presence was brought into the city to quell the riot. In Mongolia, the event is referred to as the "July 1 riots" or the "Black Day".

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2008 riot in Mongolia

2013

Croatia

Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia, is a country in Central and Southeast Europe, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. It borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Italy to the west. The Croatian archipelago contains over 1,000 islands and islets, the largest overseas territory on the Adriatic Sea. Its capital, largest city and main cultural and economic centre is Zagreb. Major urban centers include Split, Rijeka, and Osijek. The country is composed of twenty counties spanning 56,594 square kilometres within four administrative regions. Croatia has a population of nearly 3.9 million as of 2026.

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Croatia

2020

United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement

The Agreement between the United States of America, the United Mexican States, and Canada (USMCA) is a free trade agreement among the United States, Mexico, and Canada, in effect from July 1, 2020. It replaced the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) implemented in 1994. Further, it is sometimes characterized as "NAFTA 2.0", or "New NAFTA", since it largely maintains or updates the provisions of its predecessor. The region including the United States, Mexico, and Canada is one of the world's largest free trade zones, with a population of more than 510 million people and an economy of US$30.997 trillion in nominal GDP – nearly 30 percent of the global economy, and the largest of any trade bloc in the world.

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United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement

2024

National War Memorial (Newfoundland)

The National War Memorial is a World War I memorial in downtown St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It was erected at King's Beach on Water Street where, in 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert claimed Newfoundland for England. It was formally unveiled on Memorial Day, 1 July 1924 by Field Marshal Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig.

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National War Memorial (Newfoundland)

1998

Birth of Chloe Bailey

Chloe Bailey, American singer-songwriter and actress

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Chloe Bailey

1998

Birth of Susan Bandecchi

Susan Bandecchi, Swiss tennis player

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Susan Bandecchi

1998

Birth of Aleksandra Golovkina-Dolinskė

Aleksandra Golovkina, Lithuanian figure skater

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Aleksandra Golovkina-Dolinskė